As a part of optimizing operation for a domestic plant, a laboratory study on the carbochlorination rates of Kenya natural rutile ore was carried out with coke as the …
study on the chlorination rates of Kenya natural rutile ore was carried out for coke as reducing agents. In our study, chlorination of rutile ore (powder, <150 μm, 93.29%) was carried out. Temperatures of 1073−1273 K were chosen as reaction temperatures. The total pressure of 102.1 kPa inside the reactor was kept. The combinations
As a very effective metallurgical method for processing complex metal minerals, Chlorination metallurgy has been widely used in the metallurgical industry. In this paper, the chlorination agents used in the process of chlorination metallurgy were summarized as gaseous chlorination agents and solid chlorination agents. the …
It was concluded that oxidative wet chlorination could be used to recover tin from its primary ore deposits. Effect of temperature on the Sn percentage of extraction. Effect of HCl concentration ...
With the addition of 18 wt% graphite as the carbonaceous reductant, 20 wt% CaCl 2 and 40 wt% MgCl 2 as the chlorination agent, simultaneous selective chlorination and carbothermic reduction of high-iron manganese ore can be achieved after reduction at 1000 °C for 1 h. As much as 89.4% of Mn can be recovered by water-leaching the product, …
In this paper, the chlorination agents used in the process of chlorination metallurgy were summarized as gaseous chlorination agents and solid chlorination …
Chlorination roasting is a method of extracting useful elements from ores by reacting the chlorinating agent with the metals in the ore at 800–1200 °C. The principle of separation lies in the control of the reaction temperature according to the difference in the melting and boiling points of the different chlorinated compounds, thus enabling ...
A synergistic extraction method for gold from the refractory gold ores via ultrasound and chlorination-oxidation was developed. The effects of solid-liquid ratio, extraction time, ultrasound power, NaClO concentration and NaOH concentration on the extraction rate of gold from the refractory gold ore were investigated.The optimum …
2. Resource and market of quartz2.1. Distribution of high purity quartz deposits. The production process of high-purity quartz requires ore deposit raw materials with high grade, which are usually pegmatite quartz and hydrothermal vein quartz (Platias et al., 2013, Zhang and Chen, 2010a).At present, the global distribution of high-purity …
A new extraction technology of chlorination roasting with a mixture of MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O and NaCl was investigated to co-extract nickel and copper from low-grade nickel ores. The effects of some key factors on the extraction of nickel, copper, and iron were studied, and the results show that,when the roasting temperature is 850°C, the roasting …
With the purpose of developing a new technology for producing high-grade titanium dioxide (TiO 2), a fundamental study on the selective chlorination of low-grade titanium ore under a high oxygen chemical potential was carried out.The use of titanium tetrachloride (TiCl 4) as a chlorinating agent allowed iron to be directly removed from …
Chlorination of the niobium and tantalum ore concentrateThe overall composition of the mineral indicates that ca. 82 wt% corresponds to oxides with a high thermodynamic stability in chlorine atmosphere, as shown in Fig. 2. In fact, chlorination reactions of oxides of Nb, Ta, Ti, Al and Si have very positive standard free-energy …
With successful roasting of the pyritic ore, a new chlorination plant, the Mundic Works, was built in 1899, on the site where the present concentrating mill now stands. The Mundic Works operated until 1912, …
When the ore was chlorinated under the following conditions: chlorination temperature of 175 °C, chlorination time of 2 h, chlorinating agent dosage of 50% and ore particle size of 80–96 μm, which was followed by water leaching, 92.33% Ni and 89.43% Cu could be extracted, and C Fe was lower than 0.12 mol/L.
A chlorination roasting process was proposed to recover rubidium from the distinctive rubidium-containing kaolin ore. The rubidium ions which existed in the alumina octahedron of the phyllosilicates structure could be extracted effectively by using CaCl 2 as chlorinating reagent due to formation of Ca(Al 2 Si 2 O 8) phase in the chlorination …
Ilmenite(FeTiO 3) ore is a raw material for producing TiCl 4 through the chlorination method and the sulfuric acid reaction method. TiCl 4 is used as a raw material for producing metallic titanium ...
Chlorination enables the conversion of Li from spent LIBs to the gas phase during the smelting process. In this paper, the effects of four solid chlorinating agents …
This way, the Tellnes ore is upgraded from about 18 to about 44% wt. TiO 2. Download: Download full-size image; Figure 3.3. Typical microstructure of hemo-ilmenite. Hematite pale gray lamellae interpose with shady ilmenite in the same ore particles. Silicate minerals are dark gray. Sample from RTFT, Lac Tio mine, Quebec, Canada.
Treating ore with chlorination metallurgy is a kind of metallurgical process of comprehensive recovery and utilization of ore resources by means of chlorination …
refractory carbonaceous gold ore by chlorination roasting process Hong-jun WANG 1, Ya-li FENG, Hao-ran LI2, Jin-xing KANG1 1. School of Civil and Resources Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; ... SEM−EDS images of the raw ore are shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, respectively. Combined with the results ...
The Selectivity of Free-Radical Bromination vs Chlorination. A Detailed Answer. In last blog post on radicals we saw this data that compares the chlorination of propane vs. the bromination of propane. For chlorination, the reaction is selective for secondary C-H over primary C-H by a factor of 55/(45/3) = 3.6 to 1
DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2020.106404 Corpus ID: 218968873; Mechanism and application of the ore with chlorination treatment: A review @article{Xing2020MechanismAA, title={Mechanism and application of the ore with chlorination treatment: A review}, author={Zhenxing Xing and Gongjin Cheng and He Yang and Xiangxin Xue and Pingguo …
The selective chlorination of the reduced ore was carried out in a muffle electric furnace. As an experimental procedure, 20.00 g reduced ore was mixed with a calculated amount of ferrous chloride tetrahydrate in a ceramic crucible with a cover and then roasted in the furnace for pre-set time at 460 °C which is the optimum temperature …
Image Title Chlorination Description. Two chlorination processes are shown here, both involving prior roasting of gold-bearing mineral concentrate derived from crushed ore. On the left, the earlier process involved generating chlorine gas, and passing it through the roasted concentrate in a sealed vat. A soluble gold chloride was formed, …
When considering the treatment of Ti ore at a high temperature, the influence of oxygen and H 2 O vapor in the atmosphere, carbon in the system, and impurities in the ore must be taken into account. Especially for the chlorination reactions in a complex reaction system such as the chlorination of an ore, it is necessary to …
ore to chlorination agent is 1:0.6, and the ore particle size is 180–200 mesh, the extraction of nickel and copper can reach 83.6% and 81.3%, respectively, but less than 3% of impurity iron enters the leach solution. XRD and SEM were
The reaction of chlorine alone with an ore of Nb and Ta components (called direct chlorination), even though thermodynamically unfavourable in equilibrium …
When selective chlorination of the Vietnamese ore with particle sizes in the ranges of under 44, 44 to 74, 74 to 149, 149 to 210, and 210 to 297 μm was conducted at 1240 K (967 °C) for 10 hours, the mass percent of Fe in the ore decreased from 49.7 to 2.49, 1.79, 3.07, 14.4, and 29.6 pct, respectively.
On the other hand, titanium production is energy consuming and expensive since the current method of extraction of titanium from the ore includes smelting, chlorination, and reduction by magnesium (Kroll's process). Hence, cost reduction is one of the driving factors for titanium research to broaden its field of application.
The purpose of a water treatment plant is to take raw water from a well or fresh water source, remove all of the contaminants and make the water safe to drink. The contaminants that should be removed include bacteria, ammonia, phosphorus, nitrogen, dissolved organic material, iron, manganese, arsenic and many more.
In the frame of the beneficiation program of an anatase titanium ore, a carbo-chlorination process of very fine particles of high Ti02 content (80%) in molten NaCl at 880°C has been developped at a kilogram pilot scale. Titanium tetrachloride, 99% pure, has been obtained with yields as high as 98% and a mean velocity of 1000 mol.m'2h_1. Mass balance …
A novel process based on chlorination roasting was proposed to simultaneously recover gold and zinc from refractory carbonaceous gold ore by using NaCl as chlorination agent.
In metallurgy, the operation of roasting, as a preliminary to chlorination, has for its object the expulsion of the sulphur, arsenic, antimony and other volatile substances existing in the ore, and the oxidation of the metals left behind, so as to leave nothing (except metallic gold) which can combine with chlorine when the ore is subsequently …
In order to produce high-grade titanium dioxide (95% TiO2) directly from a titanium ore using titanium scrap and iron chloride waste, chlorine recovery and …