



The socio-economic and environmental impact of sand and gravel mining in Togo is not well known and there is little research work on selected river systems. Here a method is proposed for an effective regulation of in stream sand and gravel mining operations so as to balance and reduce the conflict between the gains of sand and gravel





In Europe, key aggregate sources are crushed rock from quarries (46%), terrestrial deposits and rivers (38%), recycled aggregate (12%), and manufactured sand (2%), whereas only 2% comes from the marine environment. 114 In LMICs, however, sand, gravel, and crushed-stone mining is commonly an informal economic activity …



Analysis of multi-temporal satellite images from 1980 to 2019, complemented by geomorphic mapping and field study, indicate that "loose sand" extraction of Sakarya River deposits from the Adapazarı Plain of NW Turkey significantly intensified during the last decade, and mining operations have caused complete and irreversible …





2. The many ways mining activities impact biodiversity. Mining affects biodiversity at multiple spatial scales (site, landscape, regional and global) through direct (i.e. mineral extraction) and indirect processes (via industries supporting mining operations, and external stakeholders who gain access to biodiversity-rich areas as the result of …



As a ubiquitous global activity today, sand mining is both a socio-economic issue and an environmental sustainability dilemma which requires close monitoring and rigorous analyses. Hence, the challenge really is the understanding of the drivers of sand mining activities and their socio-environmental implications.



Sedau Village is one of the villages in Narmada District, West Lombok Regency. Sedau Village is a tourist destination where the famous Mount Jae campsite is located. However, the environmental conditions of the area are still well-preserved. Around the tourist sites, there is a river flow containing a significant amount of sand and gravel, …



Mining of sand and gravel manifold higher than the natural replenishments may lead to irreversible and irreparable damages to land, water, and biotic components of the fluvial environment. ... On the other hand, an assessment of socio-economic impacts of river sand mining would be helpful in wise decision-making regarding river …



While sand mining provides direct socio-economic benefits for the region or countries (e.g., job creation, tax revenues), the direct and indirect negative environmental impacts can negatively impact other sectors of the economy, such as agriculture, tourism, fishing, public health [2,99,100,101], and society (e.g., flood protection, access to ...



Coastal Sand Mining (including gravel) is the general term used to define the extraction of loose, non-cohesive granular particles of geological origin with 0.05–2 mm size (sand) and 2–63 mm size (gravel) from all the environments belonging to coastal systems (i.e., beaches, dunes, bluffs, cliff, deltas, barriers, and related submerged ...







The most obvious environmental impact of aggregate mining is the conversion of land use, most likely from undeveloped or agricultural land use, to a (temporary) hole in the ground. This major impact is accompanied by loss of habitat, noise, dust, blasting effects, erosion, sedimentation, and changes to the visual scene.











However, the impacts of sand and gravel mining could also cause disturbances to ecological balance, since it is closely related to land use change and river degradation, besides causing conflicts in the miners, the government, and the private relationship. ... it has also contributed many adverse impacts on the socio-economic well being of the ...



Environmental Impact Assessment carried out as a case to address the environmental impact of sand mining from the instream and floodplain areas of three important rivers in the southwestern coast of India shows that the activities associated with mining and processing of sands have not only affected the health of the river …



Environmental Impact Assessment carried out as a case to address the environmental impact of sand mining from the instream and floodplain areas of three important rivers in the southwestern coast of India shows that the activities associated with mining and processing of sands have not only affected the health of the river …





1.. IntroductionMining is a major economic activity in many developing countries [1], [2].Operations, whether small- or large-scale, are inherently disruptive to the environment [3], producing enormous quantities of waste that can have deleterious impacts for decades [2].The environmental deterioration caused by mining occurs mainly as a …



and Collins et al. (1990), the potential impacts of sand and gravel mining include river bed degradation and consequent effects on channel and bank stability can undermine bridge supports, pipelines, or other struc-tures. Consequently, Gondo et al. (2019) advised that ... socio-economic wellbeing of the coastal regions' ...



Even though some studies claimed that sand/gravel mining promotes the socio-economic well-being of stakeholders, others argued that it generates negative environmental and socio-economic impacts on society. These opposing views were tested in the ... socio-economic effects of sand/gravel winning, and finally (iii) how …



The responses of the respondents pertaining to socio-economic impacts are shown in Table 2. The majority (56.2%) of the respondents disagreed that there are negative impacts associated with sand mining. 28.5% of the respondents disagreed that sand mining leads to conflicts between miners and contractors. 31.7% of the …



The main goal of this study was to determine the socio-economic impacts of sand harvesting and its effects to the environment precisely the vegetation cover (woody trees). ... Hill, L. and Kleynrans, C. J. (1999). Authorization and Licensing of Sand Mining/Gravel Extraction, in terms of Impacts on In-stream and Riparian Habitats. Journal of ...



present investigation is to assess the socio-economic and envi-ronmental impacts of river sand and gravel mining in Maroua. ... Description of study area impacts of gravel and sand mining. GPS coordinates were used The study was conducted in the Far North region of Cameroon, specifically in Diamaré division (Figure 1). The local climate is




