method for compressive strength of cylindrical concrete specimens . CS1:2010 Construction Standard Testing concrete . Current - ASTM D2938-95 Standard test method for unconfined compressive strength of intact rock core specimen . Replaced . ASTM D7012-14 Standard test method for compressive strength and elastic moduli of intact …
ANNs have been systematically used for predicting the compressive strength of concrete, utilizing both the ultrasonic pulse velocity and the Schmidt rebound hammer experimental results, which are available in the literature. ... Jahed Armaghani D, Hajihassani M, Mohd Amin MF (2015) Prediction of uniaxial compressive strength of …
and strength characteristics of rock–concrete compos- ... According to the test results, the uniaxial compression curves of the rock– concrete composite specimens can be divided into five distinct characteristic stages with peak stress up to 30.56 MPa, and brittle–ductile failure happens to the specimens. Under triaxial compression, the ...
The strength of rock under uniaxial compression, commonly known as Uniaxial Compressive Strength (UCS), plays a crucial role in various geomechanical applications such as designing foundations ...
SHRT is one of the most customary non-destructive tests in rock mechanics and inspection activities. The Schmidt hammer was designed initially for concrete hardness testing in 1948 (Schmidt 1951), but due to its ease of use, portability, low cost and non-destructive properties, it has been used in rock mechanics and Geo-morphological …
The standard k-nearest neighbors (k-NN) with cross-validation were utilized to develop compressive strength prediction models for some concretes and rocks by …
The uniaxial compressive strength of the rock specimens was tested using a SHT4106 microcomputer-controlled electro-hydraulic servo universal testing machine with a maximum load of 1000 kN, which ...
Estimating compressive strength. General rock failure criterion can be reduced to a few parameters dependent on lithology (m) and the uniaxial compressive strength (C 0).Lithology is commonly …
The uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) is an important parameter for rock mass classification and rock engineering designs. This study proposes a novel …
The standard k-NN was utilized to develop compressive strength prediction models for some concretes and rocks by considering indirect parameters such as physical and mechanical parameters. To verify and validate the standard k- NN models, prediction results of models reported in the literature were compared using six datasets via the …
One of the parameters which affect the uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) of rock materials is the length to diameter ratio (L/D) of test cores. ASTM recommends a ratio of between 2 and 2.5, and ISRM suggests 2.5–3:1. Research has shown that high UCS values are obtained for L/D ratios <2, a very slight difference in …
The uniaxial strength, also known as the unconfined compressive strength, of a rock may be regarded as the highest stress that a rock specimen can carry when a unidirectional stress is applied, normally in an axial direction to the ends of a cylindrical specimen.It represents the maximum load supported by a specimen during the test …
The unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of rocks is a crucial factor in geotechnical engineering, assuming a central role in various civil engineering undertakings, including tunnel construction, mining operations, and the design of foundations. The precision in forecasting UCS holds paramount importance in upholding the security and …
Rock engineering tasks like tunnelling, dam and building construction, and rock slope stability rely heavily on properly estimating the rock's uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), a crucial rock geomechanical characteristic. As high-quality specimen are not always possible, scientists often estimate UCS indirectly. The primary objective of …
The uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) is an important parameter for rock mass classification and rock engineering designs. This study proposes a novel method for predicting the UCS of rocks using X-ray computed tomography and convolutional neural networks. First, X-ray CT scanning was conducted on five …
The Schmidt rebound hammer, which was originally developed in the late 1940s to test the surface rebound hardness of concrete (Schmidt 1951), has been used in rock mechanics practice since the early 1960s, mainly for estimating the uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) and Young's modulus of rock materials (Aydin and Basu …
Uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) is a key physical test relevant to iron ore crusher design and rock geomechanics for mining. Tests are typically performed on intact …
In order to utilize the Equotip hardness tester, originally developed in the field of metallic engineering, as an indirect method to predict the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of rock, laboratory tests were undertaken to establish the UCS, Equotip hardness (L-value) and porosity of nine rock types. Using existing data from Verwaal …
The compressive aggregate strength is an important factor in the selection of aggregate. When determining the strength of normal concrete, most concrete aggregates are several times stronger than the other components in concrete and therefore not a factor in the strength of normal strength concrete. Lightweight aggregate concrete may be more ...
The unconfined compression test is the most popular method of soil shear testing because it is one of the fastest and least expensive methods of measuring shear strength. It is used primarily for saturated, cohesive …
5.2 Method C, uniaxial compressive strength of rock is used in many design formulas and is sometimes used as an index property to select the appropriate excavation technique. Deformation and strength of rock are known to be functions of confining pressure. Method A, triaxial compression test, is commonly used to simulate the stress …
Uniaxial and conventional triaxial tests were conducted on low-strength sandstone, concrete, and integral rock–concrete composite specimens by using TFD-2000 computer servo-controlled triaxial rock rheology testing machine, and the deformation and strength characteristics of rock–concrete composite specimens were studied. …
Uniaxial compressive strength of rocks is a competent parameter for designing surface and underground rock structures ... of petrographic characteristics (e.g. grain size, grain shape, type and amount of cement, and packing density) on compressive strength of concrete and rocks (Ulusay et al. 1994; Hale and Shakoor, 2003).
The size, slenderness ratio h/d (h = height, d = diameter), the shape of a rock specimen, but also the lithological type of the rock are the most significant factors affecting results of uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) tests. The proposed experimental pilot study shows the variable impact of these parameters on UCS values by …
Experimental data in Fig. 1 b indicate that the compressive strength of rock-like materials increases gradually with strain-rate in the low strain-rate regime (10 −4 –10 1 s −1), but turns to rapid increase in the intermediate (10 1 –10 2 s −1) and high (10 2 –10 4 s −1) strain-rate regimes.For a given rock material, it has been shown that there exists a …
The resistivity of concrete is highly sensitive to the early age, especially for the first 24 h, which is mainly due to the high content of pore solution and the concrete is in the transition stage of condensation and hardening [51], [52].Therefore, compared with the traditional concrete strength prediction model, which takes curing age as an input …
The compressive strength of concrete refers to how many pounds per square inch (psi) it can handle when force is applied. It is a reliable indicator of how it will perform under heavy loads or internal pressures caused by freeze-thaw cycles. Understanding what the different psi ratings mean is essential for specifying the right …
An advanced material model, called the Karagozian and Case Concrete (KCC) model, is implemented in the numerical simulations. ... Evaluation of simple methods for assessing the uniaxial compressive strength of rock. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 38 (7) (2001), pp. 981-994. View in Scopus Google …
The tensile strength of rock materials is an important parameter in designing a geotechnical project since it is significantly lower than the rocks' compressive strength. This phenomenon is also presented in concrete, a fact that led to the utilization of steel reinforcement to increase the tensile capacity of the material.
Making an almost comprehensive model for predicting compressive strength of 7 and 28 days of self-compacting concrete, even if the model includes a …
The unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of rocks is a crucial factor in geotechnical engineering, assuming a central role in various civil engineering …
In tunnelling, construction of roads and dams in hilly areas, and foundations for buildings and other infrastructure, uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) has …
The Uniaxial Compressive Strength (UCS) is an essential parameter in various fields (e.g., civil engineering, geotechnical engineering, mechanical engineering, and material sciences). Indeed, the determination of UCS in carbonate rocks allows evaluation of its economic value. The relationship between UCS and numerous physical …
1.1 These four test methods cover the determination of the strength of intact rock core specimens in uniaxial and triaxial compression. Methods A and B determine …
The compressive strength (19–42 MPa) of most of the laterite concrete is comparable with the average strength (45 MPa) of concrete made with the usual granite crushed rock aggregates from the ...
Type S mortar mix offers high compressive strength of over 1,800 psi and high-tensile bond strength. This makes type S mortar mix suitable for many projects at or below grade. Type S mortar mix is a load-bearing mix that can withstand pressure from the structure that it is bearing, as well as pressure from soil, wind, and seismic loads.
Compressive and tensile strengths are important mechanical properties of rock and are control parameters for the safety and stability analysis of a structure in the rock mass. First, this paper selected extensive rock data to study the relationship between compressive strength or tensile strength and cohesion and internal friction angle. …
A compressive testing machine, having an increasing rate of load of 140 kg/cm 2 per minute, was used in order to calculate the concrete strength by the division of the value of the load at the moment of failure over the area of specimen. The concrete strength was calculated via BS EN (2009) standard.